1.Crackers »P Hackers ªº¤£¦P :
Crackers ¬O«ü¨º¨Ç±M¯}Ãaªº¤H. Crackers ©Ò°µªº¨Æ,´N¬O¤J«I§O¤H¹q¸£ , µM«á¶i¦æ¯}Ãa©Îµs¨ú¸ê®Æ. ¦¹¥~ , ¥LÌÁÙ±q¨Æ¸Ñ½X¬¡°Ê©M»s³y cracked ª© softwares. ¦³¨ÇÁÙ±N¯}¸Ñ¨Óªº±K½X©Î serial no. ¥X°â¥H¹Ï§Q.
Hackers ªº·N«ä«h§¹¥þ¬Û¤Ï. Hackers °µªº¬O³Ð§@©Ê©M°^Äm©Êªº¤u§@, ¦p³n¥ó¶}µo , ºc«ä·s»\©Àµ¥. ¥i¬O , ?#123;®É¤@¯ë¤H³£±N Crackers ºÙ¬° Hackers , ¨Ï¯u¥¿ªº Hackers »X¤W¦ÃÂI .
2.¦ó¬° IP ?
IP «ü¬O¦bºô¤Wªº¦a§}. ¨CÓ¦bºô¤Wªº¹q¸£³£»Ýn¤@Ó¿W¤@µL²§¦Ó¤£·|»P¨ä¥L¹q¸£«½Æªº°O¸¹. ¦p 123.123.123.123 ´N¬O¤@Ó IP. ¦pªG§Aµo?#123;¤@Ó¹q¸£ªº IP ¬O 123.123.123.123 , §A´N¤£·|¦P®Éµo?#123;²Ä¤G³¡¹q¸£¾Ö`¦³³oÓ¬Û¦Pªº IP .
IP ¥i¤À¬°¨âÃþ , °ÊºA IP ©M ÀRºA IP . °ÊºA IP ¬O¤@Ó?#123;®Éªº¦a§}. ¤@¯ë®a®x¥Î¤á¥ÎMODEM³z¹L ISP ( Internet Service Provider e.g. HKNet, CIT, PCCW) ¤Wºôªº³£¬O°ÊºA IP . ·í¥Î¤á»P ISP ³s±µ, ISP ´N·|¤À°t¤@®É?#123;®É IP µ¹¥Î¤á. ¦pªG¥Î¤áÂ÷½u®É, ¦¹ IP ´N·|®ø¥¢©Î¤À°tµ¹¥t¤@³¡¹q¸£¨Ï¥Î. ©Ò¥H¥Î¤á¨C¦¸¤Wºô¥Îªº IP ³£¤£¤@¼Ë. ·íµM , ¦³½t®É¦¹ IP ¥i¯à·|¦A¦¸¤Àµ¹§A.
ÀRºA IP ¬O©T©wªº, ³Qµù¥Uªº IP ©Î¥i»¡¬O³Q¶R¤Fªº IP . ¦¹ IP ¤v³Q¬Y¤H©Î¬Y¤½¥q¾Ö¦³. ¦p 216.115.108.243 ´N¬O yahoo.com ªº©T©w IP . ·í§A¦bÂsÄý¾¹¤W¿é¤J 216.115.108.243 , §A¤]¥i¥H¨ì¹F yahoo.com .
¦³®É, §A¿é¤J¤£¦Pªº ip ,¤]¥i¨ì¬Û¦Pªº¦a¤è , ¦p 204.71.200.68 ¤]¥i¨ì yahoo , ¨ä¹ê¥u¬O¤º®e¤@¼Ë , §A¤v¨ì¤F¥t¤@³¡¹q¸£ . §O¤H¤j¤½¥q?#123;, ·íµMn¦³´XÓ«á³Æ ( mirror ) °Õ!
3.¦ó¬° Port ?
¦pªG»¡ IP ¬O¦a§} , ¨º»ò PORT ´N§A«Î¥øªºªù¤f . ¤Wºô·N«ä´N¬O±q§O¤Hªº¹q¸£¤W¤U¸ü¸ê®Æ¨ì¦Û¤vªº¹q¸£ùØ . ºô¶´N¬O³Ì¤W¤U¸üªº¸ê®Æ . ¦pªGn¤¹³\¸ê®Æ¶Ç¿é, §A©M§O¤Hªº¹q¸£³£»Ýn¥´¶}¤@Ó PORT Åý¸ê¥X¤J . §Y¬O»¡¦p¦ó§AªºªB¤Ín¨Ó±´§A, ¥L¥²»Ý§â¥L¦Û¤v«Î¥øªºªù¤f¥´¶}, µM«á¤~¥i¥Xµó. ·í§AªB¤Í¨ì§A«Î¥ø®É , §A¤S¥²»Ý§â§Aªºªù¤f¥´¥X, §AªºªB¤Í¤~¥i¶i¤J§A®a. ¨C¤@Ó»Pºô¤W³s½uªº?#123;¦¡³£»Ýn¤@PORT¨Ó¶Ç¿é¸ê®Æ, ¦Ó¨CÓ PORT ³£¥uµ¹¤@Ó?#123;©Î¨Ï¥Î . ¤@³¡¹q¸£¥i¦P®É¥´¶}¤£¦PªºPORTµ¹¤£¦Pªº?#123;¦¡¨Ï, §Y¬O»¡§A«Î¥ø¥i¦³´XÓ¤£¦Pªºªù¤f.
4.¬°¦ó¥Î¬µ¼u§ðÀ»§O¤H®Én¿é¤J IP ¦P PORT ?
³o´N¬Onª¾¹D¹ï¤è¹q¸£ªº¦a§}¤Î¬Y?#123;¦¡©Ò¥Î´Ì§â¸ê®Æ¶Ç¿éªºPORT. MESSAGE BOMB ´N¬OÅý¹ï¤è¹q¸£ªº¬Y?#123;¦¡¤£Â_±µ¦¬°T®§, ¨ì¥¦µLªk©Ó¨ü®É, ¨t²Î´N·|ÅõºÈ. ©Ò¥H¥unª¾¹D¬Y?#123;¦¡ªºPORT«á, ´N¤£Â_§âMESSAGE°e¨ì¥¦ªºªù¤f. ¦pªG?#123;¦¡¤£À´±o¤ÀÃþ, ¨£MESSAGE´N¦¬ , ¨º´N¥²¦ºµL²§. ¥H«eªºICQª©¥»´N¬O³o¼Ë, ¥¦¦³¤@Ó©T©wªºPORT, §Y»¡§A¨C¦¸¥ÎICQ®É, ¥¦³£¥Î¦P¤@Ó PORT (1027) ¶Ç¿é¸ê®Æ, ©Ò«Ü©ö¨ü¨ì§ðÀ». ?#123;¦b¥¦¨C¦¸¤Wºô³£¥Î¤£¦PªºPORT, ´î¤Ö¤F³Q§ðÀ»ªº¾÷·|. ¦ý§O¤HÁÙ¬O¦³¿ìªk§ä¥X¨Ó.
5.¦ó¬° TCP / IP ?
TCP/IP ¬Oºô ¸ô¤¤¹q¸£»P¹q¸£¤§¶¡ªº³q°T¨ó©w . §Ú̪º¹q¸£n·¾³q , ´N¥²»Ýn¦³¤@Ó¦@¦Pªº¨î¦¡ , ´N¦n¦ü§ÚÌ»¡¸Ü , ¨Ò¦p¤j®a³£Á¿¼sªF¸Ü, ³o¼Ë·¾³q«K«D±`¶¶§Q , ¦ý¦pªG¤@ÓÁ¿¤¤¤å , ¤@ÓÁ¿¤é¤å, ´N«ÜÃø·¾³q¤F.
6.¦ó¬° Nuke ?
Nuke¬O¥ÎWindows¤@ӯʾѨӶÇ"out of band"ªº«ü¥O, ¥un¥Î¥L¤HªºPort139©Î¨ä¥LªºPort¥h¥O§O¤Hªº¹q¸£Down, ¥X²`Âŵe±, ¤§«á¨º¤H´N¤@©wn±q·s¶}¾÷¥ý¥i¥H¥Î. ¬°¤°»ò¤@©wn¥ÎPort139©O? ¦]¬°©Ò¦³¥ÎWindowsªº¤H¤]¦³³oÓPort, ¦Ó¥BMicrosoft¤S¨S¦³¦n¦n«OÅ@¥¦, ©Ò¥HNuke¤H´NÅܱo¤Q¤À²³æ¤F. Nuke¤H¬O»Ýn§O¤HªºIP address. ¦³¨ÇnPort. ·íµMÁÙn¦³Nuke¤Hºµ{¦¡°Õ!
7.¤J«Iì²z :
n¤J«I§O¤H¹q¸£, ´N¥²»Ý¹D¹ï¤è¹q¸£ªº IP , ¥H¤Î¹ï¤è¹q¸£»Ýn¦Û¤v¥´¶}¤@Ó PORT. ¦Ó¤J«I¤èªk¥i¤À¬°¨âºØ , ¤@¬O¼½ºØ¦¡ , ¥t¤@ºØ¬O«D¼½ºØ¦¡.
¼½ºØ¦¡ :
¦¹¤èªk¬O°½°½¦a§â¤ì°¨?#123;¦¡ ( ¤ì°¨¦WºÙªº¨Ó·½¬O¤ì°¨±O«°°Oªº¾ú¥v ) ©ñ¨ì¥Ø¼Ð¹q¸£ùØ . ·í¤ì°¨?#123;¦¡¦b¨ü®`ªÌ¹q¸£¹B¦æ®É, ·|¥ý¨Ï¹ï¤è¹q¸£¦¨¬°¤@Óserver,µM«á¶}¤@Ó PORT , ©ó¬O¤ì°¨?#123;¦¡«K¥i»P¨ºÓ¶Â«È¹q¸£¤Wªº¤ì°¨±µ¦¬?#123;¦¡³s±µ. ¤@®M¤ì°¨?#123;¦¡³£§t¦³¨âÓ¤¸¯À, ¤@Ó¬O client side program , ¥t¤@Ó¬O server side program. Client side program ¬O©ñ¦b¥Ø¼Ð¹q¸£°½°½¹B¦æ, ¦Ó Server side program ´N¬O©ñ¦b¦Û¤vªº¹q¸£¥Î¨Ó±±¨î¹ï¤è¹q¸£¤Î±µ¦¬¸ê®Æ.
«D¼½ºØ¦¡ :
¦¹¤è¥u¥Î©ó server, ©Ò¥H¤@¯ë®a®x³z¹L ISP ¤Wºôªº³£¤£·|¨ü®`. ¨¥Âk¥¿Âà, Cracker ·|¥Î?#123;¦¡´M§ä¹ï¥Ø¼Ð¹q¸£¦³¨S¦³¤@Ó¥´¶}¤F¦ý¨S³Q?#123;¦¡©Ò¥ÎªºPORT. ¦pªG¦³, cracker ´N·|¹Á¸Õ»P¥L³s±µ . ¦pªG¦¨¥\, ´N¥i¶i¤J¹ï¤è¹q¸£ . ³oºØ PORT ªº§Î¦¨¬O¥Ñ©ó?#123;¦¡ªº¿ù»~¤ÞP , §Y¬O»¡¬O?#123;¦¡½s¼g¤Hûªº²¨©¿. ¨Ò : ¬ü°ê¬Y¤j³n¥ó¤½¥qªº¹q¶l?#123;¦¡´N³Qµo?#123;¥un¦b¶l¥ó¤W¥[¤@¨ÇSCRIPT,´N¨Ï³o?#123;¦¡¬°¹q¸£¥´¶}¤F¤@ Ó¦MÀIªº PORT.
8.¦ó¬°¨¾¤õÀð ?
©Ò¦³¬Oºôµ¸«O¦w¨t²Îªº, ³n¥ó©Îµw¥ó , ³£¥iºâ¨¾¤õÀð. ¨¾¤õÀð¥Dn¬O±±¨î¼Æ¾Úªº¿é¤J¿é¥X. ¦pªGµo?#123;¦³°ÝÃDªº¸ê®Æ©Î¼Æ¾Ú, ¥¦´N·|©Úµ´¥¦Ì. IP ¹LÂo³n¥ó, data ¹LÂo³n¥ó ©M proxy server ³£¬O¨¾¤õÀð .
9.¦ó¬° IP SPOOFING ( IP ´ÛÄF ) ?
±q¦r¦W¤@¬Ý, «Ü©úÅã³o¬O¤@ºØ´ÛÄFªº¤â¬q . §ðÀ»³£·|¦¬§ï³Q¥Xªº«Ê¥]( ¤£ª¾¤°»ò¬O«Ê¥]? ´N·í¥¦¬O message ¥ý) , §â«Ê¥]¤º¦Û¤vªº IP ¦ì§}§ï¬°¨ä¥L¦ì§}, ¦ü¹F¨ìÁôÂè¥÷ªº¥Øªº . ¹B¥ÎIP Spoofing§Þ³N , ¨ä¤¤¤@Ó¤èªk , ´N¬O°e¥X¤@³s¦ê«Ê¥]µ¹¥Ø¼Ð¥D¾÷¡A¨Ï¹ï¤è¨t²Î·í¾÷ . ¥t¤@¤èªk´N¬O§â¦Û¤vªº IP ¦ì§}³£§ï¬°¥Ø¼Ð¦ì§} , Åý¥Ø¼Ð¥D¾÷¨t²Î»~¥H¬°³o¨Ç«Ê¥]¬O¥Ñ¦Û¤vµo°eªº¡C³o¼Ë, ¹ï¤è´N·|µo¥X«Ê¥]¦^À³¦Û¤v , ¤§«á¤S·|¦A¦¬¨ì¦Û¤vµo¥Xªº«Ê¥], ¦A¦¸¦^À³¦Û¤v , ¤£Â_«½Æ, ¦n¦ü¤@Ó¤H¦Û¨¥¦Û»y , ª½¦Ü®ðÂ_ .
10.¦ó¬° Sniffering (ÅÑÅ¥) ?
ÅÑÅ¥¬O¤@ºØ¥i¥HÅýÅÑÅ¥ªÌ»`¶°¨ì¨Ï¥ÎªÌ¦WºÙ»P±K½X©Îºô¸ô¶Ç°eªº¸ê®Æªº¤è¦¡¡A³q±`«Ü®e©ö¨¾½d¡A¦ý¬O¤£®e©ö³Qµo?#123;¡A¦]¦¹¥un ¨Æ¥ý°µ¦n¹w¨¾¡A´N¥i¥H§K©ó¸ê®Æ (Data) ¥~¬ªªº¦MÀI¡C
11.¤°»ò¬O Deny Of Services ( ©Úµ´ªA°È§ðÀ» )¡H
Denial of service §ðÀ»³z³qµo¤j¶qªº«H®§µ¹ºô¯¸ , ¥HP¨Ï¹ï¤èÅõºÈ , µLªkµ¹«È¤áªA°È¡C³o´N¹³´X¦ÊÓ¤H¦P®É¥´¤@Ó¹q¸Ü¡A¨Ï¹q¸ÜÁc¦£©M¤£¥i¥Î¡C³o¨Ç§ðÀ»¤]·|µo°e¤@¨Ç"¯S®í"ªº«Ê¥]¡A¨Ï»·ºÝªº³nÅé©ÎªA°È ÅõºÈ¡C
12.¦ó¬° RES , RSA ¦P PGP ?
³o¤T¼Ë¨ä¹ê¬O¤@¨Ç¥[±K§Þ³N , §Y¬O¤@¨Çpºâ¤èªk. ³q¹L¥[±K , §Y¨ÏÀb«È°½¤F§Aªº«H®§ , ¤]«ÜÃøª¾¹D«H®§ªº¯u¥¿¤º®e ,.
13 . ¦ó¬° PPP , LCP, IPCP ?
PPP - Point-to-Point Protocol . LCP - Link Control Protocol . IPCP - Internet Protocol Control Protocol .
PPP ¬O¹q¸£¥Î¼·¸¹ modem »P isp ³q°T®É©Ò¨Ï¥Îªº³q°T¨óij . PPP ¥Ñ¨âÓ¨óij²Õ¦¨, ¤À§O¬° LCP ©M IPCP . LCP ¥Dn¬Oºûô¹q¸£»P isp ªº³s½u . ¦Ó IPCP ¬O¥Î§@n¨D isp ¤À°t¤@Ó ip address µ¹ user ªº¨óij¥HP¹q¸£¥i»P°ê»Úºôµ¸¤W¨ä¥L¹q¸£³q°T .
PPP »P TCP/IP ªº¤£¦P¦b©ó PPP ¬O user ¹q¸£»P isp ¤§¶¡ªº¨óij, ¦Ó TCP/IP ¬Ouser¹q¸£»P°ê»Úºôµ¸¤Wªº¹q¸£ªº¨óij .
14. ¹q¸£ºôµ¸¬O¤°»ò ?
¥Ñ¹q¸Ü½u ( ©Î¨ä¹q½u ) , ¨Ï¨â¿¹q©Î¥H¤Wªº¹q¸£³sµ²°_¨Ó , ¨Ï¯à¤¬¬Û·¾³qªº¨t²Î , «K¥iºÙ¬°¹q¸£ºôµ¸
¹q¸£ºôµ¸ªº³W¼Ò¥i¤À¬°¤T¤jÃþ :
LAN (Local Area Network ) - ³W¼Ò¸û¤Ö, ¹q¸£¼Æ¥Ø¤£¦h , ¹q¸£»P¹q¸£¶¡ªºª«²z¶ZÂ÷¤£¥X©ó¤@©Ò«Ø¿vª«ªº½d³ò . e.g. ¤@¶¡¤½¥qªº¤ºÁpºô
WAN ( Wide Area Network ) - ³W¼Ò¤ñ LAN ¸û¤j , ¹q¸£»P¹q¸£¶¡ªºª«²z¶ZÂ÷¤]¬Û¹ï¸û»· , ¤j¬ù¬O¤@Ó«°¥«ªº½d³ò
MAN ( Metropolitan Area Network ) - WAN ¥H ¤Wªº³£¬O MAN , ¥þ²y©Êªº Internet ´N¬O¤@Ó MAN .
MAN ¦h¥Ñ«Ü¦h¨Ó¦Û¤£¦P¦a¤èªº WAN ©Î LAN ©Ò²Õ¦¨